{"id":2969,"date":"2024-02-02T01:40:24","date_gmt":"2024-02-02T01:40:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.sorumatix.com\/blog\/?p=2969"},"modified":"2024-02-02T01:40:24","modified_gmt":"2024-02-02T01:40:24","slug":"18-yuzyil-19-yuzyil-felsefesini-hazirlayan-dusunce-ortami","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.sorumatix.com\/blog\/18-yuzyil-19-yuzyil-felsefesini-hazirlayan-dusunce-ortami.html","title":{"rendered":"18. y\u00fczy\u0131l -19. y\u00fczy\u0131l felsefesini haz\u0131rlayan d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce ortam\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><center><iframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/hxi9OETHDjQ\" title=\"YouTube video player\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/center><html><head><\/head><body><\/p>\n<p>18. Y\u00fczy\u0131l &#8211; 19. Y\u00fczy\u0131l Felsefesini Haz\u0131rlayan D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce Ortam\u0131<\/p>\n<p>Merhaba! Bug\u00fcn sizi 18. y\u00fczy\u0131l ve 19. y\u00fczy\u0131l boyunca \u015fekillenen felsefi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerin ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan heyecan verici bir yolculu\u011fa davet edece\u011fim. Bu d\u00f6nemde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen entelekt\u00fcel devrimler, insanlar\u0131n d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerini ve bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 tamamen de\u011fi\u015ftirdi. Hadi gelin, bu heyecan verici s\u00fcrece yak\u0131ndan g\u00f6z atal\u0131m!<\/p>\n<p>1. Ayd\u0131nlanma \u00c7a\u011f\u0131 (Englightenment)<\/p>\n<p>18. y\u00fczy\u0131l Avrupa\u2019s\u0131nda Ayd\u0131nlanma \u00c7a\u011f\u0131 ba\u015flad\u0131. \u0130nsanlar, do\u011fal hukukun evrensel prensiplerini ke\u015ffetmeye ve keyfiyet yerine ak\u0131lc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 merkeze alan bir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 benimsemeye ba\u015flad\u0131. Bilime dayanan rasyonel d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce, dinin otoritesi ile sorgulanmaya ba\u015fland\u0131 ve insanlar\u0131n kendi ak\u0131llar\u0131n\u0131n rehberli\u011finde hareket etmesi te\u015fvik edildi.<\/p>\n<p>2. Sanayi Devrimi<\/p>\n<p>18. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n sonlar\u0131na do\u011fru sanayi devrimi ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti. Makinele\u015fme ve end\u00fcstrile\u015fmeyle birlikte toplumsal ve ekonomik yap\u0131lar k\u00f6kl\u00fc bir \u015fekilde de\u011fi\u015fti. Bu d\u00f6nemde felsefede ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce yap\u0131s\u0131nda da b\u00fcy\u00fck bir evrim ya\u015fand\u0131. \u0130nsanlar, do\u011fal d\u00fcnyay\u0131 daha derinlemesine anlama arzusuyla bilimsel y\u00f6ntemlere dayanan yeni bir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnsel \u00e7er\u00e7eve olu\u015fturdu.<\/p>\n<p>3. Romantizm<\/p>\n<p>19. y\u00fczy\u0131lda romantizm ak\u0131m\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Bu d\u00f6nemde hisler, hayaller ve do\u011fa gibi konular \u00f6n plana \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Sanatta duygusal yo\u011funluk ve bireysel \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck aran\u0131rken, felsefede de insan\u0131n i\u00e7 d\u00fcnyas\u0131na odaklanma e\u011filimi g\u00f6zlendi. Romantik d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcrler, insan\u0131n duygusal deneyimleri ve ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fczerinde durarak, felsefi tart\u0131\u015fmalara yeni bir boyut getirdi.<\/p>\n<p>4. Pozitivizm<\/p>\n<p>Pozitivizm, 19. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ikinci yar\u0131s\u0131nda etkili olan bir di\u011fer felsefi ak\u0131md\u0131r. Bilimsel y\u00f6ntemleri temel alan bu ak\u0131m, sadece g\u00f6zlemlenebilir ger\u00e7eklere dayanan bilgiye de\u011fer verirken metafiziksel tart\u0131\u015fmalara mesafeli yakla\u015ft\u0131. Pozitivistler, bilimsel ilerlemenin toplumsal ve bireysel refah\u0131 art\u0131raca\u011f\u0131na inan\u0131yor ve bu nedenle bilime ve mant\u0131\u011fa odaklanmay\u0131 hedefliyorlard\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>Bu heyecan verici d\u00f6nemde felsefede ya\u015fanan bu de\u011fi\u015fimler, modern d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncenin temellerini att\u0131. Ak\u0131lc\u0131l\u0131k, bilimsellik, duygusall\u0131k ve pozitivizm gibi kavramlar, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz\u00fcn d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnsel yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nemli unsurlar\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturdu.<\/p>\n<p>Umar\u0131m bu k\u0131sa yolculuk, 18. y\u00fczy\u0131l &#8211; 19. y\u00fczy\u0131l felsefesinin temel d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce ortam\u0131n\u0131 kavraman\u0131za yard\u0131mc\u0131 olmu\u015ftur. Kendi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerinizi ke\u015ffetmek i\u00e7in bu d\u00f6nemin felsefi eserlerini okuman\u0131z\u0131 tavsiye ederim. Unutmay\u0131n, her zaman merak etmek ve sorgulamak \u00f6nemlidir. D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerinizi \u00f6zg\u00fcrce ifade etmeyi unutmay\u0131n!<\/p>\n<p>Keyifli \u00f6\u011frenmeler!<\/p>\n<p><\/body><\/html><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>18. Y\u00fczy\u0131l &#8211; 19. Y\u00fczy\u0131l Felsefesini Haz\u0131rlayan D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce Ortam\u0131 Merhaba! Bug\u00fcn sizi 18. y\u00fczy\u0131l ve 19. y\u00fczy\u0131l boyunca \u015fekillenen felsefi<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"colormag_page_container_layout":"default_layout","colormag_page_sidebar_layout":"default_layout","footnotes":""},"categories":[15],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2969","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-sosyal-bilimler-dersleri"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorumatix.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2969","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorumatix.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorumatix.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorumatix.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorumatix.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2969"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorumatix.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2969\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5388,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorumatix.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2969\/revisions\/5388"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorumatix.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2969"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorumatix.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2969"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorumatix.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2969"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}