{"id":2979,"date":"2024-02-08T06:24:24","date_gmt":"2024-02-08T06:24:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.sorumatix.com\/blog\/?p=2979"},"modified":"2024-02-08T06:24:24","modified_gmt":"2024-02-08T06:24:24","slug":"18-yuzyil-19-yuzyil-felsefesinin-karakteristik-ozellikleri","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.sorumatix.com\/blog\/18-yuzyil-19-yuzyil-felsefesinin-karakteristik-ozellikleri.html","title":{"rendered":"18. y\u00fczy\u0131l -19. y\u00fczy\u0131l felsefesinin karakteristik \u00f6zellikleri"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><center><iframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/kyQ6VcrbYa0\" title=\"YouTube video player\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/center><html><head><\/head><body><\/p>\n<p>18. Y\u00fczy\u0131l &#8211; 19. Y\u00fczy\u0131l Felsefesinin Karakteristik \u00d6zellikleri<\/p>\n<p>Felsefe; d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnme, sorgulama ve anlam aray\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 besleyen bir disiplindir. Tarih boyunca bir\u00e7ok felsefi ak\u0131m ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu ak\u0131mlardan biri de 18. y\u00fczy\u0131l ile 19. y\u00fczy\u0131l aras\u0131nda etkisini g\u00f6steren felsefi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerdir. Bu makalede, bu d\u00f6nemin karakteristik \u00f6zelliklerini ele alaca\u011f\u0131z.<\/p>\n<p>1. Ayd\u0131nlanma D\u00f6nemi:<\/p>\n<p>18. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ba\u015flar\u0131nda Avrupa&#8217;da ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan Ayd\u0131nlanma D\u00f6nemi, bilimin, mant\u0131\u011f\u0131n ve insan akl\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nemini vurgular. Ak\u0131lc\u0131l\u0131\u011fa dayanan d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceler, do\u011fal hukuk kavram\u0131na y\u00f6nelik ele\u015ftiriler ve insan haklar\u0131na olan inan\u00e7 gibi konular Ayd\u0131nlanma D\u00f6nemi&#8217;nin temel \u00f6zellikleridir.<\/p>\n<p>2. Rasyonalizm:<\/p>\n<p>Rasyonalizm, insan\u0131n ak\u0131l yoluyla ger\u00e7e\u011fi ke\u015ffedebilece\u011fini savunan bir felsefi ak\u0131md\u0131r. \u0130nsanlar\u0131n deneyim yerine mant\u0131k ve rasyonel d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceye dayanarak bilgi edinebilece\u011fi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesi, bu d\u00f6nemde b\u00fcy\u00fck bir rol oynam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>3. Empirizm:<\/p>\n<p>Empirizm ise deneyim ve duyusal verilere dayal\u0131 bilgi edinme y\u00f6ntemidir. Deneyimlerimiz arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla d\u00fcnyay\u0131 anlamland\u0131rabilece\u011fimizi savunan bu ak\u0131m, bilimsel d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncenin temelini olu\u015fturmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n<p>4. Pozitivizm:<\/p>\n<p>Pozitivizm, bilginin yaln\u0131zca g\u00f6zleme dayanmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini ileri s\u00fcren bir felsefi yakla\u015f\u0131md\u0131r. Deneysel verilere dayanan kesin bilgiye ula\u015fma \u00e7abas\u0131, pozitivizmin en \u00f6nemli \u00f6zelliklerinden biridir.<\/p>\n<p>5. Romantizm:<\/p>\n<p>19. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ba\u015flar\u0131nda Avrupa&#8217;da ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan romantizm ak\u0131m\u0131, duygusal deneyimleri ve bireysel \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc vurgular. Do\u011fa, sanat ve duygu gibi konular, romantik d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncenin merkezinde yer al\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>6. \u0130dealizm:<\/p>\n<p>\u0130dealizm, ger\u00e7e\u011fin zihinsel veya d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnsel oldu\u011funu savunan bir felsefi ak\u0131md\u0131r. D\u0131\u015f d\u00fcnyan\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan ziyade, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerin ve fikirlerin ger\u00e7ekli\u011fini vurgular.<\/p>\n<p>7. Marksizm:<\/p>\n<p><center><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.sorumatix.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/uploaded-image-18-yuzyil-19-yuzyil-felsefesinin-karakteristik-ozellikleri-1693983934108.jpg\" title=\"18. y\u00fczy\u0131l -19. y\u00fczy\u0131l felsefesinin karakteristik \u00f6zellikleri \" alt=\"18. y\u00fczy\u0131l -19. y\u00fczy\u0131l felsefesinin karakteristik \u00f6zellikleri \"><\/center><\/p>\n<p>Karl Marx&#8217;\u0131n fikirleri temelinde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan marksizm, s\u0131n\u0131f m\u00fccadelesi, toplumsal adalet ve tarihsel materyalizm gibi temalar \u00fczerine odaklan\u0131r. Ekonomik fakt\u00f6rlerin toplumun yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 \u015fekillendirdi\u011fi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesi, marksizmin temel \u00f6\u011fretilerinden biridir.<\/p>\n<p>Bu karakteristik \u00f6zellikler, 18. y\u00fczy\u0131l ile 19. y\u00fczy\u0131l aras\u0131ndaki felsefi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerin \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fini ve \u00f6nemini yans\u0131tmaktad\u0131r. Bu d\u00f6neme ait felsefi yakla\u015f\u0131mlar, insan d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesinin evrimine katk\u0131da bulunmu\u015f ve g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde hala etkisini s\u00fcrd\u00fcren felsefi tart\u0131\u015fmalara zemin haz\u0131rlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Kaynaklar:<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy<\/p>\n<p><\/body><\/html><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>18. Y\u00fczy\u0131l &#8211; 19. Y\u00fczy\u0131l Felsefesinin Karakteristik \u00d6zellikleri Felsefe; d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnme, sorgulama ve anlam aray\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 besleyen bir disiplindir. Tarih boyunca bir\u00e7ok<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2978,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"colormag_page_container_layout":"default_layout","colormag_page_sidebar_layout":"default_layout","footnotes":""},"categories":[15],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2979","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-sosyal-bilimler-dersleri"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorumatix.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2979","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorumatix.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorumatix.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorumatix.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorumatix.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2979"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorumatix.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2979\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5398,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorumatix.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2979\/revisions\/5398"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorumatix.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2978"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorumatix.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2979"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorumatix.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2979"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorumatix.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2979"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}